When you drag the sample from different locations, the blood as well as the components are different. In the process of the skin puncture Skin Puncture looks like arterial blood capillary more than venous blood and that it is the laboratory there is no clear differences between the capillary blood and blood artery in each of the pH value PH molecular pressure of oxygen Po2 molecular and pressure of carbon dioxide Pco2 and oxygen saturation, while the molecular pressure of carbon dioxide in the veins will be higher where the pressure from 6 up to 7 ml mercury and at least blood glucose in the veins about 7 mg / 100 ml (0.39 mmol / l) of glucose level in capillary blood as a result of the consumption of tissue him.
The decomposition of the blood Hemolysis:
The breaking of red blood cells by the decomposition of the blood occur within vivo Invivo and Invitro as well as in vitro and this process can be carried out under conditions of several cases, including:
1. osmosis Osmotically
Because the membrane of red pellet allows entry into force of the water, the cell size varies depending on the change in the middle osmotic If you put the pellets in a low solution tension Hypotonic the water will be implemented into the cell and bloom the cell and changing recipes membrane arise by minute channels allow the passage of hemoglobin and other cell contents are scattered in the ocean of liquid cells.
2 - analyzes the blood gets sick in the following cases:
A - anemia or acute blood Hemolytic Anemia poverty as well as in the case of jaundice in newborns Jaundice
B - the sudden increase hemoglobin in the urine Paroxysmal Hemoglobinuria
3 - decomposition of blood resulting from eating certain drugs:
Some drugs cause lysis of red blood cells such as quinine Quinine and Alvenaseaton Phenacetin Nitrites and nitrates and chlorates Chlorates
4 - oily solvents
Such as alcohol, ether, chloroform and some materials such as soap and yellow material and salts saponins Saponin This material melts the fat globule membrane of red or trends change the order of fat molecules in the cell membrane
5 - mechanical methods
Mechanical methods play an important role negative impact on the different samples a private blood samples and these methods milling Grinding, stirring Stirring or severe shaking Shaking as well Repeated freezing and Aeltsiih Thawing
That there are some other factors that lead to blood decomposition in the pipe, such as the change in temperature, pH and exposure to ultraviolet light, and the concentration of serum components concentration of hemoglobin in sickle cell sample is affected by more than 20 mg / 100 ml, as there are two degrees of decomposition of the blood sample mild first Slightly Hemolysis and this effect a few most of the chemical analyzes, and the second type is a severe decomposition of the blood Server Hemolysis, which affects the ease components that are no little concentration inside the red blood cells more than its effect on the components in the plasma (where severe decomposition leads to an increase items in the inside cells relative to the outside of cells and increase its focus such as sodium, potassium and enzyme LDH ... etc.) on the whole, the clear effect can be seen on the ingredients found in the plasma of this, the concentration in plasma increases in decomposing the sample in the following tests enzyme Aloldollaz Aldolase enzyme alkaline phosphatase enzyme LDH enzyme Aizostreet hydrogen, potassium, Almjneziom and phosphate extractor and increasingly well phosphate inorganic in serum as rapidly as organic Aster located inside cells that are decomposed, as well as increasing dynamism enzymatically amino transferase (GOT, GPT) by 2% for every 10 mg / 100 ml resulting from the increase in hemoglobin concentration as well as the enzyme LDH increase by 10% for every 10 mg / 100 ml of hemoglobin, and we can see a sample of blood decaying looking at it with the naked eye.
Remember the blood:
Going always conduct tests as soon as possible and at the Storage kept all the samples after the separation of the serum or plasma refrigerated for the purpose of delay chemical reactions and thus preventing the changing components ratios and temperature appropriate for the conservation of 2-4 Mem, where few changes in this class during several hours than leaving it in the refrigerator and kept for analysis of blood samples and sugar Alberovi after the addition of a preservative.
When samples are stored for a long time to measure enzymes, for example, it must be frozen at a temperature (-20 m) after separation of the serum as soon as possible, preferably the samples are divided into smaller sizes before freezing in order to avoid repetition of melting process and freeze again, leading to a fundamental change in the composition of proteins and enzymes, and when an analysis of the sample left to melt slowly at room temperature and then mixing quietly in order to get a homogeneous sample.
And to collect blood samples Ptba advises the following precautions:
1 - prefer to collect blood samples from patients in the early morning before breakfast, except in special cases.
2. tube examination which it will blood must be dry as the presence of moisture leads to broken blood cells and to make sure that the validity of the tube is finished.
3 - must refer to a type of treatment covered by the patient.
4 - must avoid the use of negative pressure when drawing blood, but leaves the blood flow from a vein into the syringe slowly and when emptied from the syringe to the private conservation empties slowly tube so as to prevent broken blood cells.
5 - You should not exaggerate the use of sealants clot (thrombosis).
6 - after the withdrawal of the sample must accelerate transported to the laboratory where the blood preservation at low temperatures leads to cell lysis and upset the distribution of ions in particular.
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